Relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide and the risk of hypertension in patients with cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis and dose-response relationship analysis.

BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has recently been recognized to be one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a scarcity of data on the relationship between circulating TMAO levels and hypertension in patients with CVD. Meta analysis and a dose-response relationship were used in this study to assess the relationship between circulating trimethylamine N-oxide levels and the risk of hypertension in patients with CVD. METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang Database, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to June 01, 2023. Meta-analysis and dose-response analysis of relative risk data from prospective cohort studies reporting on the relationship between circulating TMAO levels and hypertension risk in patients with CVD were conducted. RESULTS: Fifteen studies with a total of 15,498 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. Compared with a lower circulating TMAO level, a higher TMAO level was associated with a higher risk of hypertension in patients with CVD (RR = 1.14,95%CI (1.08, 1.20)). And the higher the TMAO level, the greater the risk of hypertension. The dose-response analysis revealed a linear dose-response relationship between circulating TMAO levels and the risk of hypertension in patients with CVD. The risk of hypertension increased by 1.014% when the circulating TMAO level increased by 1 µ mol/L. CONCLUSION: In patients with CVD, the level of circulating TMAO is significantly related to the risk of hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased by 1.014% for every 1 µ mol/L increase in circulating TMAO levels.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Spectral Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Novel Phenolic Acid Triazole Derivatives.

At present, phenolic acid derivatives and triazole derivatives have a good antifungal effect, which has attracted widespread attention. A series of novel phenolic acid triazole derivatives were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by IR, MS, NMR, and X-ray crystal diffraction. Compound methyl 4-(2-bromoethoxy)benzoate, methyl 4-(2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) ethoxy)benzoate, 4-(2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethoxy)benzoic acid and 4-(2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) ethoxy)-3-methoxybenzoic acid crystallize in the monoclinic system with space group P21/n, the monoclinic system with space group P21, the monoclinic system with space group P21 and the orthorhombic system with space group Pca21, respectively. At a concentration of 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL, the antifungal activity against seven plant pathogen fungi was determined. Compound methyl 4-(2-bromoethoxy)benzoate has the best inhibitory effect on Rhizoctonia solani AG1, and the inhibitory rate reached 88.6% at 200 µg/mL. The inhibitory rates of compound methyl 4-(2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) ethoxy)benzoate against Fusarium moniliforme and Sphaeropsis sapinea at a concentration of 200 µg/mL were 76.1% and 75.4%, respectively, which were better than that of carbendazim.

Dichloridotetra-kis-(diniconazole)nickel(II).

In the title compound, [NiCl(2)(C(15)H(17)Cl(2)N(3)O)(4)], the Ni atom lies on an inversion center and has an axially extended trans-NiCl(2)N(4) octa-hedral geometry arising from its coordination by four diniconazole [systematic name: (E)-(RS)-1-(2,4-dichloro-phen-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol] ligands and two chloride ions. In the crystal, O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into [100] chains.

Dichloridotetra-kis-(diniconazole)cobalt(II).

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [CoCl(2)(C(15)H(17)Cl(2)N(3)O)(4)], the Co(II) cation lies on an inversion center and has a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry. The equatorial positions are occupied by four N atoms from four diniconazole [systematic name: (E)-(RS)-1-(2,4-dichloro-phen-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol] ligands. The axial sites are occupied by two Cl(-) anions. In the two independent organic ligands, the triazole ring is oriented at dihedral angles of 18.28 (14) and 32.15 (14)° with respect to the dichloro-phenyl ring. Inter-molecular O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds consolidate the crystal packing.